一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的三種形式

1. 謂語是be（am/is/are）的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。

①肯定形式：主語+be+表語（形容詞、名詞充當(dāng)表語）。

I am hungry.

You are beautiful.

He is a doctor.

②否定形式：主語+be+not+表語（形容詞、名詞充當(dāng)表語）

。

I am not hungry.

You aren't beautiful.

He isn't a doctor.

③一般疑問句形式：Be+主語+表語（形容詞、名詞充當(dāng)表語）? 肯定回答：Yes, 主語+be. 否定回答：No, 主語+ be+not.

—Are you hungry?

—Yes, I am./No, I'm not.

—Is he a doctor?

—Yes, he is./No, he isn't.

④特殊疑問句形式：特殊疑問詞+b

—What is he?

—He is a doctor.

注意：be的形式要隨著主語變。

2. 謂語動(dòng)詞是實(shí)義動(dòng)詞（及物動(dòng)詞或不及物動(dòng)詞）的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。

①肯定形式：“主語+及物動(dòng)詞+賓語”或“主語+不及物動(dòng)詞”。

She has a little brother.

她有一個(gè)弟弟。

The sun rises in the east.

太陽從東方升起。

②否定形式：“主語+don't/doesn't+及物動(dòng)詞+賓語”或“主語+don't/doesn't+不及物動(dòng)詞”。

She doesn't have a little brother.

她沒有弟弟。

I don't eat every morning.

我每天早晨都不吃飯。

③一般疑問句形式：“Do/Does+主語+及物動(dòng)詞原形+賓語”或“Do/Does+主語+不及物動(dòng)詞原形”。

肯定回答：Yes, 主語+do/does. 否定回答是：No, 主語+ don't/doesn't.

—Do you eat every morning?

—Yes, I do./No, I don't.

—Does she have a little brother?

—Yes, she does./No, she doesn't.

④特殊疑問句：特殊疑問詞+do/does開頭的一般疑問句？

What do you like?

When do you go to school?

注意：根據(jù)主語確定用do還是does。

3. 謂語是情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can/may...+動(dòng)詞原形的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。

①肯定形式：主語+情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can/may.....+動(dòng)詞原形+賓語。

I can finish my homework.

②否定形式：主語+情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can/may.....+not+動(dòng)詞原形+賓語。

I can't finish my homework.

③一般疑問句形式：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞Can/May.....+主語+動(dòng)詞原形+主語

肯定回答是：Yes, 主語+情態(tài)動(dòng)詞. 否定回答是：No, 主語+ 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+not.

—Can you finish your homework?

—Yes，I can./No, I can't.

④特殊疑問句形式：特殊疑問詞+情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can/may.....開頭的一般疑問句？

—What can you do?

—I can do my homework.

注意：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can/may.....其后跟動(dòng)詞原形。

一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的用法

1. 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示現(xiàn)在的狀態(tài) ；表示經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作；表示主語具備的性格和能力；表示客觀事實(shí)或普遍真理等。

He is twelve.

他十二歲了。

I go to school at seven every day.

我每天七點(diǎn)去上學(xué)。

They can speak Japanese.

他們會(huì)說日語。

2. 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)常和表示時(shí)間的頻度副詞連用。如：often, usually, sometimes, always, never等。

I often read books in the evening.

我經(jīng)常在晚上讀書。

Do they usually go to school by bike?

他們通常騎自行車去上學(xué)嗎?

He doesn’t like milk. He never drinks it.

他不喜歡牛奶。他從來不喝它。

Sometimes my mother gets back at five.

有時(shí)候媽媽五點(diǎn)鐘回來。

3. 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)也常和以下時(shí)間表達(dá)法連用。如：in the morning, in the afternoon, in the evening, at noon, at night, every day, on Sunday(s), at seven 等。

Do they have math in the morning?

他們?cè)缟嫌袛?shù)學(xué)課嗎?

She sleeps nine hours every night.

她每晚睡九個(gè)小時(shí)。

It takes me two hours to do my homework every day.

每天寫作業(yè)花費(fèi)我兩個(gè)小時(shí)的時(shí)間。

They don’t have classes on Sundays.

他們周日不上課。

一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來含義

come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return

1. 下列瞬時(shí)動(dòng)詞的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)可以表示將來，主要用來表示在時(shí)間上已確定或安排好的事情。

例如：The train leaves at six tomorrow morning.

火車明天上午六點(diǎn)開。

----When does the bus start? 汽車什么時(shí)候開?

----It starts in ten minutes. 十分鐘后。

主將從現(xiàn)

2. 在主從復(fù)合句中，當(dāng)主句是一般將來時(shí)，時(shí)間或條件狀語從句的謂語動(dòng)詞只能用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)來表示將來要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，即所謂的“”。

例如：When Bill comes (不是will come), ask him to wait for me.

比爾來后，讓他等我。

I'll write to you as soon as I arrive there.

我到了那里，就寫信給你。

動(dòng)詞第三人稱單數(shù)的構(gòu)成

1. 動(dòng)詞原形后面直接加-s

look—looks

read—reads

play—plays

stop—stops

2. 在以字母s, x,ch,sh,o結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞后加-es

miss—misses

fix—fixes

watch—watches

wash—washes

go—goes

do—does

3. 輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞變y為i，再加-es

carry–carries

study–studies

hurry–hurries

cry–cries

4. 特殊變化

have-has

be-is

練習(xí)及答案

【典型例題】

單項(xiàng)選擇題

1.(2019北京)Sam______ with his friends every weekend.

A. skatesB. is skating C. has skated D. was skating

【解析】正確答案：A 。

句意是：每個(gè)周末，山姆都和朋友們一起滑冰。根據(jù)句末的頻度副詞短語every weekend(每周末)可知，句子表示的動(dòng)作具有經(jīng)常性，所以動(dòng)詞應(yīng)使用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。

2.(2019青海)----What did you learn in geography yesterday?

----I learned that the sun _____ in the east.

A.was rising B.rises C.rose

【解析】正確答案：B。

句意是：昨天的地理課上你學(xué)了什么?我學(xué)了太陽從東邊升起來。太陽從東邊升起來，表示的是一種自然現(xiàn)象，所以，句中的動(dòng)詞應(yīng)使用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，因此，正確答案為B。

3.(2019山東臨沂)---I'm getting hungry. Do you know where we can get some good food?

--- Of course! There ____________ a restaurant around the comer.

A. will be B. was C. is

【解析】正確答案：C。

句意是：我很餓。你知道哪兒可以弄到吃的嗎?當(dāng)然!拐角附近有一家飯館。“拐角附近有一家飯館”表示的是客觀事實(shí)，所以句中動(dòng)詞應(yīng)使用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。動(dòng)詞be的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)為is。因此，正確答案為C。

4.(2019廣西貴港)---If the traffic _______ busy， Linda won' t catch the train in one hour.

---I know I will call her to leave for the train station at once.

A.is B.will be C.was D.has been

【解析】正確答案A。

句意是：如果交通擁堵的話，琳達(dá)將會(huì)沒法在一個(gè)小時(shí)后趕上這趟列車。我知道，我會(huì)打電話給她，讓她立刻就去火車站。因?yàn)檫@是if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句，主句為一般將來時(shí)won’t catch the train in one hour，所以，從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來，所以動(dòng)詞be應(yīng)改為第三人稱單數(shù)形式is，因此，正確答案為A。

【強(qiáng)化練習(xí)】

根據(jù)漢語或首字母，寫出正確的單詞，使句子意思完整。

1.(2019四川廣安)That music ______ (聽起來) very beautiful.I like it a lot.

2.(2019四川涼山州)The Russian soup s______ very nice. I can’t wait to drink it.

3.(2019江蘇鹽城)There are many rocks in unusual shapes ---- Some hang down , and others ______(指向)upwards.

4.(2019湖北荊門)This kind of special noodles t______so delicious that I can’t help asking for more.

5.(2019廣西北部灣經(jīng)濟(jì)開發(fā)區(qū))Every time I want to give up, my parents always______ (鼓勵(lì)) me to keep trying.

6.(2019黑龍江綏化)I ______(發(fā)送)an e-mail to my penpal in England once a week.

7.(2019貴州銅仁)It t______ us 90 minutes from Tongren to Guiyang by high speed train.

8.(2019貴州銅仁)The early bird c______ the worm.

9.(2019廣西百色)I p______ milk to cola because milk is much healthier, I think.

10.(2019新疆建設(shè)兵團(tuán))Li Rui ______(彈奏)the guitar after school every day.

【答案】

1.sounds 2.smells

3.point 4.tastes

5.encourage 6.send

7.takes 8.catches

9.pour 10.plays

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