來源:網(wǎng)絡(luò)資源 2023-08-16 18:01:46
被動語態(tài)的使用情況
(1)當(dāng)不知道或沒有必要指出動作的執(zhí)行者時,這時往往不用by 短語。
如:
“Mr. White, the cup was broken after class. ”
懷特先生,這只茶杯是下課后被打碎的。
(2)突出或強(qiáng)調(diào)動作的承受者,如果需要說出動作的執(zhí)行者,用by 短語。
如:
These records were made by John Denver.
這些報道是被約翰·丹佛做的。
被動語態(tài)中謂語動詞的基本構(gòu)成
be + done
被動語態(tài)的構(gòu)成
(1)一般現(xiàn)在時:am / is / are + done。
如:
①People grow rice in the south of the country.
→Riceis grownin the south of the country.
稻米在這個國家的南部被種植。
②The school doesn’t allow us to enter the chemistry lab without a teacher.
→Weare not allowedto enter the chemistry lab without a teacher.
我們不被允許在沒有老師的情況下進(jìn)入化學(xué)實驗室。
(2)一般過去時:was / were + done。
如:
①They agreed on the building of a new car factory last month.
→The building of a new car factorywas agreed onlast month.
建立一個新的汽車工廠在上個月被一致同意。
②The students didn’t forget their lessons easily.
→Their lessonswere not easily forgotten.
他們的功課沒有被輕易遺忘。
(3)一般將來時:will + be done。
如:
①They will send cars abroad by sea.
→Carswill be sentabroad by sea.
汽車通過海路被送到國外。
②She will take care of theses children.
→These childrenwill be takencare of by her.
那些孩子將由她照顧。
(4)現(xiàn)在完成時:have / has + been + done。
如:
①Someone has told me the sports meeting might be put off.
→Ihave been toldthe sports meeting might be put off.
我已經(jīng)被告訴會議可能會被延遲。
②He has brought his book here.
→His bookhas been broughthere.
他的書被帶到了這里。
(5)含有情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài):情態(tài)動詞+ be+ done。
如:
①You must hand in your compositions after class.
→Your compositionsmust be handed inafter class.
你的作文必須在下課之后被上交。
②He can write a great many letters with the computer.
→A great many letterscan be writtenwith the computer by him.
很多信能夠被他用計算機(jī)寫。
練一練
1. More chances to learn from each other ______ for students by working in groups.
A. provide B. will provide
C. was provided D. are provided
【點撥】第①步:分析句意。通過小組合作,將會為學(xué)生們______更多互相學(xué)習(xí)的機(jī)會。第②步:分析選項。provide一般現(xiàn)在時;will provide一般將來時;was provided一般過去時的被動語態(tài);are provided一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)。第③步:分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)。謂語動詞“provide”與主語“More chances”之間為動賓關(guān)系,應(yīng)用被動語態(tài)。主語為“More chances”,謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。故選D。
2. Many people ______ that there would be a snowstorm next week.
A. tells B. told C.were told D. is told
【點撥】第①步:分析句意。很多人______下周將有一場暴風(fēng)雪。第②步:分析選項。tells一般現(xiàn)在時;told一般過去時;were told一般過去時的被動語態(tài);is told一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)。第③步:分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)。謂語動詞“tell”與主語“Many people”之間為動賓關(guān)系,且賓語從句時態(tài)為過去將來時,所以用一般過去時的被動語態(tài)。故選C。
3. Food safety is very important. So some rules______to stop people from polluting food.
A. should make B. should be made
C.was made D. has been made
【點撥】第①步:分析句意。食品安全非常重要。所以一些措施______來阻止人們污染食物。第②步:分析選項。should make一般現(xiàn)在時;should be made含有情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài);was made一般過去時的被動語態(tài);has been made現(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài)。第③步:分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)。謂語動詞“make”與主語“rules”之間為動賓關(guān)系,應(yīng)用被動語態(tài)。根據(jù)句意可知,此處是指“規(guī)則應(yīng)該被制定”,應(yīng)用情態(tài)動詞“should”。故選B。
4. I plan to build an unusual house. It ______ out of waste materials.
A. is built B. has built
C.will be built D. builds
【點撥】第①步:分析句意。我計劃建造一個不同尋常的房子。它______由廢棄材料制成。第②步:分析選項。is built一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài);has built現(xiàn)在完成時;will be built一般將來時的被動語態(tài);builds一般現(xiàn)在時。第③步:分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)。謂語動詞“build”與主語“It”之間存在動賓關(guān)系,應(yīng)用被動語態(tài)。根據(jù)句意可知此處表示還未發(fā)生的事情,應(yīng)用一般將來時。故選C。
5. In order to make our hometown more beautiful, lots of trees______in the past three years.
A. are planted B. were planted
C. have been planted D. will be planted
【點撥】第①步:分析句意。為了使我們的家鄉(xiāng)更漂亮,很多樹______在過去的三年里。第②步:分析選項。are planted一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài);were planted一般過去時的被動語態(tài);have been planted現(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài);will be planted一般將來時的被動語態(tài)。第③步:分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)。謂語動詞“plant”與主語“trees”之間存在動賓關(guān)系,應(yīng)用被動語態(tài)。根據(jù)時間狀語“in the past three years”可知應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時。故選C。
6. Hurry up! Once the concert starts, nobody ______(allow) to enter the concert hall.
【點撥】第①步:觀察語境,找到關(guān)鍵詞“Hurry up!”可首先判斷出本題的時態(tài)是一般現(xiàn)在時;第②步:分析語境“nobody”與“allow”之間為動賓關(guān)系,應(yīng)用被動語態(tài)。故填is allowed。
7.
【點撥】第①步:觀察語境,找到關(guān)鍵詞“joined”,“expressed”可首先判斷出本題的時態(tài)是一般過去時;第②步:分析語境“competition”與“regard”之間為動賓關(guān)系,應(yīng)用被動語態(tài)。故填was regarded。
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