(一)主要考點

考點一：考查基本概念

例 Both his parents look sad .Maybe they______what's happened to him .

A.knew B.have knownC. must knowD.will know

簡析：現(xiàn)在完成時主要強調(diào)過去發(fā)生的動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響，或過去發(fā)生的動作還未結(jié)束，一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在或?qū)�來，重點在于對現(xiàn)在的影響。這種考查難度較大，往往無時

間狀語，需要從上下文分析、推理才行。故上兩側(cè)根據(jù)上下文分析、推理，正確答案是B。

考點二：考查時間狀語

例1. He has _______ been to Shanghai , has he ?

A.already

B.never

C.ever

D. still

例2. Have you met Mr Li ______?

A.just

B.ago

C.before

D.a moment ago

例3.The famous writer _____ one new book in the pasttwo year .

A.is writing

B.was writing

C.wrote

D.has written

例4.—Our country ______ a lot so far . —Yes . I hope it will be even ______ .

A.has changed;well

B.changed;good

C.has changed; better

D.changed;better

例5.Zhao Lan ______already ______in this school fortwo years .

A.was;studying

B.will;study

C.has;studied

D. are;studying

例6.We ______ Xiao Li since she was a little girl.

A.know

B.had known

C.have known

D. knew

例7.Harry Potter is a very nice film.I______it twice .

A.will see

B.have seen

C.saw

D.see

簡析：現(xiàn)在完成時的時間狀語常有如下四類：

⑴現(xiàn)在完成時常與already(已經(jīng))just(剛剛，正好)ever(曾經(jīng))，never(從來，也不;從不)before(以前)yet(仍然)等連用。故例1應(yīng)選B;例2應(yīng)選C。

⑵現(xiàn)在完成時常與recently(近來)，so far(到目前為止)，in the past/“last +一段時間”等時間狀語連用。因為上述短語表示的是從現(xiàn)在起往前推算的一段時間，句中的動作是從過去某一時間或時刻開始持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的。

故例3應(yīng)選D，例4應(yīng)選C。

⑶現(xiàn)在完成時時常與“for +時間段或since +過去時間點”連用(含從句，從句過去時)。故例5應(yīng)選C，例6應(yīng)選C。

⑷現(xiàn)在完成時還與once(一次)，twice(兩次)，three times(三次)，several times(幾次)等表示重復(fù)次數(shù)的詞語連用。故例7應(yīng)選B。

考點三：考查與一般過去時的區(qū)別

例1.—These farmers have been to the United States .—Really ? When _____ there ?

A.will they go

B.did they go

C.do they go

D.have they gone

例2.—______ you ___ your homework yet ?—Yes . I _____ it a moment ago .

A.Did;do;finished

B..Have;done;finished

C.Have;done;have finished

D.will;do;finish

簡析：現(xiàn)在完成時與一般過去時容易混淆，就是因為它們所表示的動作都發(fā)生在過去，但二者又有區(qū)別：一般過去時表示過去某個時間發(fā)生的事、存在的狀態(tài)或經(jīng)常發(fā)生的

動作，說話的側(cè)重點在于陳述一件過去的事情，與現(xiàn)在沒有關(guān)系;現(xiàn)在完成時表示與現(xiàn)在有關(guān)系的發(fā)生在過去的動作,它不與表示過去的時間狀語(如yesterday,last week,a moment ago等)連用。故例1、2的正確答案皆為B。

考點四：考查非延續(xù)性動詞的用法

例1. His father ______ the Party since 1978 .

A.joined

B.has joined

C. was in

D.has been in

例2.—Do you know him well ?—Sure.We _________friends since ten years ago .

A.were

B.have been

C.have become

D. have made

例3.—How long have you ____ here ?—About two months .

A.been

B.gone

C.come

D.arrived

例4.Hurry up!The play __________ for ten minutes .

A.has begun

B.had begun

C.has been on

D.began

例5.His uncle died two years ago.(改變句子,句意不變)

His uncle has _______ for two years

例6.Her mother has been a Party member for three years .(同義句)

Her mother_______the Party three years ________ .

例7.It _____ten years since he left the army .

A.is B.hasC.will D. was

簡析：現(xiàn)在完成時中,非延續(xù)性動詞不能與for和since引導(dǎo)的表示一段時間的狀語連用,通常是用相應(yīng)的延續(xù)性動詞來代替。常用的非延續(xù)性動詞及替代形式如下：

close—→be closed, put on→wear, open—→be open get up—→be up, finish/end→be over, lose—→belost, marry—→be married(to),fall asleep/ go to sleep—→be asleep ( sleep ) ,

get to know—→knowcome/arrive—→be here/in , come/get back—→be back , go/leave-be away , become—→be, borrow—→keep ,buy—→have , begin/start—→be on ,

die—→be dead , join—→be in...,catch a cold—→have a cold等，

故例1、2、3、4的正確答案依次為：D、B、A、C。例5應(yīng)填been dead。其次，可以用相應(yīng)的延續(xù)性動詞的過去時表示，故例6應(yīng)填joined;ago。再次，還可用“It is +一段時間+since從句”來表示，故例7應(yīng)選A.考點

五:考查詞組have/has been in / to與have/has gone to的區(qū)別

例1.Miss Green isn't in the office. she______to the library .

A.has goneB.wentC.will goD.has been

例2.My parents ______Shandong for ten years .

A.have been in

B.have been to

C.have gone to

D.have been

簡析：“have/has gone to +地點”表示“某人去了某地(還未回來)",指主語所指的人不在這兒.“have/has been in +地點”表示“在某地呆了多長時間”，常與表示時間的狀語連用.“have/has been to +地點”表示“曾經(jīng)去過某地(但現(xiàn)在已不在那兒)。”故例1、2的正確答案皆為A。

(二)中考真題演練

【典型考例1】

(2019江蘇南通)----Is everyone here, Jonathan? ----No. Sir. Millie is absent. She_______for two days.

A.has fallen ill

B. has been ill

C. fell ill

D. was ill

【析】正確答案B。句意是：喬納森，人到齊了嗎?老師，沒有。米莉缺席了。她生病已經(jīng)兩天了。Fall ill與be ill都表示“生病”，但fall ill為非延續(xù)性動詞，在現(xiàn)在完成時中不可與段時間連用，須轉(zhuǎn)換為be ill才可以，所以，正確答案為B。

【典型考例2】

(2019廣西玉林)---Jenny, your new tape player looks great.----Oh, it’s not new. I _____ it for three years.A.buy

B.have had

C.bought

D.have bought

【析】正確答案：B。句意是：詹妮，你的新隨身聽看上很不錯啊!哦，它不是新的。我已經(jīng)買了3年了。非延續(xù)性動詞buy在現(xiàn)在完成時中，不可與段時間狀語連用，因此，須轉(zhuǎn)換為延續(xù)性同義動詞have或own。所以，正確答案為B。

【真題演練】

一、根據(jù)漢語意義或首字母提示，寫出正確單詞。

1.(2019四川廣安)I haven’t ________ (收到…來信) from Sally before.

2.(2019浙江杭州).I’m very hungry . I haven’t e_______ anything since 7:00 this morning

3.(2019廣西北部灣經(jīng)濟開發(fā)區(qū))Bob and Jim have been good friends_______(自從)they joined the same tennis team.

二、用所給單詞的正確形式填空

1.(2019山東青島)The writer is so popular that he _______(sell) more than 200,000 books so far.

2.(2019江蘇連云港)---I__________(have a fever)since last night.---You’d better go to see a doctor.

3.(2019江蘇泰州)So far, the couple ___________ (not change) their flat since they had a second child.

4.(2019甘肅蘭州)Jim has never ________(be) to Mount Tai in China.

5.(2019貴州安順)Sandy borrowed the novel from the library last week and ________(keep) it for 5 days.

6.(2019湖北鄂州)Cathy and Linda__________( not be) back to their hometown for two years.

7.(2019江蘇南通)----Can you go walking in the park with me, Daisy?----Sure. I__________(finish)my DIY project.

三、單項選擇

1.(2019山東臨沂)Melting ice (融冰) can cause sea levels to rise. Since 1993, sea levels _________at a speed of 3.2 cm every 10 years.

A. rose

B. have risen

C. rise

2.(2019安徽)—It's ten years since we came here—How time flies! We ____ in China for so long.

A. work

B. worked

C. will work

D. have worked

3.(2019江蘇泰州)---Have you ever been to Shanghai?---Of course. Actually, I _________therefor six years but now I live in Taizhou.

A. worked

B. was working

C. would work

D. have worked

4.(2019湖北武漢). I ate some fruit, which I ______ since I was a child, and the vegetables from my garden.

A. have enjoyed

B. enjoyed

C. enjoy

D.had enjoyed

5.(2019湖南郴州)---- Where is Mr. Green?---- He__________the bookshop. You have to wait for him.

A. was going to

B. has gone to

C. has been to

6.(2019廣東)My father ____ in a panda protection center for 10 years, so he knows a lot about panda.

A. was working

B. is working

C. has worked

D. will work

7.(2019湖北襄陽).---- Why won’t we play basketball with Class 4 this afternoon?---Because they_______Longzhong for a study trip.

A. have gone to

B. have been to

C. had gone to

D. had been to

8.(2019湖北隨州)—Your new bike is so nice! When did you buy it?—In July. I _____it for two weeks.

A.had

B. have had

C. have bought

D. bought

9.(2019江蘇淮安)-Where are the teachers now? -In the meeting room. They _________ the meeting for 10 minutes.

A. have begun

B. have been

C. have had

D. have been held

10.(2019湖北黃岡)---Where is Catherine? I haven't seen her for days.---She________Wuhan. She’ll be back next week.

A. has gone to

B. has been to

C. have gone to

D. have been to

11.(2019湖南長沙)I ______ abroad for several years, but I have never regretted my final decision to move back to my motherland.

A.am living

B.lived

C.have lived

12.(2019四川眉山)---Linda has____to Paris. How can I get in touch with her?---Don’t worry. She will call you as soon as she____there.

A. been;will get

B. been;gets

C. gone;will get

D. gone;gets

13.(2019四川眉山)---Your new watch is so nice! When did you buy it?--- In October. I____it for two months.

A. had

B. bought

C. have had

D. have bought

14.(2019福建)---Look! My mother _____ a new dress for me.----Wow, it looks very nice on you.

A.is making

B.has made

C.will make

15.(2019呼和浩特)The shop in Wanda Square _____ for six years, but I _____ there so far.

A.has opened; haven’t gone

B.has been open; haven’t been

C.has been open; haven’t gone

D.has been opened; haven’t been

16.(2019湖南湘潭)---Have you ever _____ the Terracotta Army in Xi’an ?----Yes. I went there last year.

A.gone to

B.been to

C.been in

17.(2019北京)Our school life____a lot since 2017. We have more activities now.

A. changes

B. changed

C. will change

D. has changed

18.(2019湖北宜昌)----What progress Huawei _____ in recent years!----No wonder it is widely known in all parts of the world.

A.is making

B.has made

C. makes

D. made

19.(2019貴州畢節(jié))---How many letters____you____to your mother?--- 109 in all, since 2016.

A.has, written

B.have, written

C.did, write

D.are, writing20.(2019湖南湘西)---_____ you ever ______ Hong Kong --Zhuhai ____Macao Bridge ?---Not yet.

A.Did; visit

B.Are; visit

C.Have , visited

21.(2019哈爾濱)---Hi, Tom! _____ you ever ____ the Bird’s Nest ?----Yes, I have. It’s fantastic.

A.Have, been to

B.Have, gone to

C. Did, go to

22.(2019黑龍江齊齊哈爾)As an exchange student, Alan_____ Qiqihar for one and a half years.

A.has been to

B.has been in

C.has gone to

23.(2019四川廣元)---How long have you__________ your cap? It looks cool.---About two weeks.

A. borrowed

B. bought

C. had

24.(2019貴陽)Today, all the erhu masters play and praise Erquan Yingyue. It ___ one of China's national treasures

.A.becomes

B.became

C.has become

25.(2019貴州黔西南)----How many letters _____ you _____ to your mother?----109in all, since 2016

A.has, written

B.have; written

C.did; write

D.are ; writing

Keys

一、1.heard

2eaten

3since

二、1.has sold

2.have had a fever

3.haven’t changed

4.been

5.has kept

6.haven’t been

7.have finished

三、1---5BDDAB

6---10CABBA

11--15CDCBD

16--20BDBBC;

21--25ABCCB

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