來(lái)源:網(wǎng)絡(luò)資源 2022-11-16 15:47:22
一、介詞的種類
(1)簡(jiǎn)單介詞,常用的有at, in, on, about, across, before, beside, for , to, without等。
(2)復(fù)合介詞,如by means of, along with, because of, in front of, instead of等。
二、介詞和其他詞類的習(xí)慣搭配關(guān)系
(1)和動(dòng)詞的搭配,如agree with, ask for, belong to, break away from, care about等。
(2)和形容詞的搭配,如be afraid of, be angry with, be different from, be good at
(3)和名詞的搭配,如the answer to the question , the key to the door, reason for, pay a visit to sp.等。
三、某些介詞的意義與用法舉例
(1) 時(shí)間介詞:at, on, in
表示時(shí)間點(diǎn)用at,如at six o'clock, at midnight等;
表示不確定的時(shí)間或短期假日也用at,如at that time, at Christmas等。
指具體的某一天用on, 如on Sunday, on the end of October
指某天的朝夕用on,如on Monday morning, on the afternoon of September lst等。
指比較籠統(tǒng)的時(shí)間,月份-季節(jié)-年份等都用in,如in the morning,in May, in winter, in 2017等。
(2)between, among(表位置)
between僅用于二者之間,但說(shuō)三者或三者以上中的每?jī)蓚(gè)之間的相互關(guān)系時(shí),也用between, 如I'm sitting between Tom and Alice/The village lies between three hills.
among用于三者或三者以上之間。
如:He is the best among the students.
(3) beside, besides
beside意為"在…旁邊",而besides意為"除…之外"。
如:
He sat beside me.
What do you want besides this?
(4)in the tree, on the tree
in the tree 指動(dòng)物或人在樹(shù)上
on the tree 指果實(shí)、樹(shù)葉長(zhǎng)在樹(shù)上
(5)on the way, in the way, by the way, in this way
on the way 指在路上
in the way 指擋道
by the way 指順便問(wèn)一句
in this way 用這樣的方法
(6)by bus, on the bus
by bus 是一般說(shuō)法
on the bus 特指乘某一輛。
四、例題
例1:
Do you know any other foreign language ____English?
A except B but C beside D besides
解析:A、B兩項(xiàng)except等于but,意為"除了…",C-beside意為"在…旁邊",不符合題意。而D-besides, 意為"除了…之外,還有"。所以該題正確答案為D。該題意為:除了英語(yǔ)外,你還知道別的語(yǔ)言嗎?
例2:
He suddenly returned ____ a rainy night.
A on B at C in D during
解析:我們均知道,at night這一短語(yǔ),但如果night前有修飾詞,表具體的夜晚,則要用介詞on來(lái)修飾,故該題正確答案為A。
例3:
I'm looking forward ____your letter.
A to B in C at D on
解析:該題正確答案為A。look forward to 為固定搭配,意為"期望、盼望"。
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